RESUMO
BACKGROUND: From 1958 to 1970, >100,000 people in northern Chile were exposed to a well-documented, distinct period of high drinking water arsenic concentrations. We previously reported ecological evidence suggesting that early-life exposure in this population resulted in increased mortality in adults from several outcomes, including lung and bladder cancer. METHODS: We have now completed the first study ever assessing incident cancer cases after early-life arsenic exposure, and the first study on this topic with individual participant exposure and confounding factor data. Subjects included 221 lung and 160 bladder cancer cases diagnosed in northern Chile from 2007 to 2010, and 508 age and gender-matched controls. RESULTS: ORs adjusted for age, sex, and smoking in those only exposed in early life to arsenic water concentrations of ≤110, 110 to 800, and >800 µg/L were 1.00, 1.88 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.96-3.71], and 5.24 (3.05-9.00; P(trend) < 0.001) for lung cancer, and 1.00, 2.94 (1.29-6.70), and 8.11 (4.31-15.25; P(trend) < 0.001) for bladder cancer. ORs were lower in those not exposed until adulthood. The highest category (>800 µg/L) involved exposures that started 49 to 52 years before, and ended 37 to 40 years before the cancer cases were diagnosed. CONCLUSION: Lung and bladder cancer incidence in adults was markedly increased following exposure to arsenic in early life, even up to 40 years after high exposures ceased. Such findings have not been identified before for any environmental exposure, and suggest that humans are extraordinarily susceptible to early-life arsenic exposure. IMPACT: Policies aimed at reducing early-life exposure may help reduce the long-term risks of arsenic-related disease.
Assuntos
Arsênio/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/epidemiologia , Poluentes Químicos da Água/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Intoxicação por Arsênico/epidemiologia , Chile/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/induzido quimicamente , Poluição Química da Água/efeitos adversosRESUMO
The nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn usually affects the face or scalp. It tends to evolve in three stages, and the final stage is characterized by the appearance of tumours. We present the case of a facial nevus sebaceous of Jadasshon in which a basal cell carcinoma developed. We also explore the diagnosis of this disease, which was established through dermoscopy, and propose using this technique in the clinical follow-up of this type of hamartoma, thereby allowing the early detection of cancer development.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Neoplasias Faciais/patologia , Nevo Sebáceo de Jadassohn/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Adulto , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
The nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn usually affects the face or scalp. It tends to evolve in three stages, and the final stage is characterized by the appearance of tumours. We present the case of a facial nevus sebaceous of Jadasshon in which a basal cell carcinoma developed. We also explore the diagnosis of this disease, which was established through dermoscopy, and propose using this technique in the clinical follow-up of this type of hamartoma, thereby allowing the early detection of cancer development.
O nevo sebáceo de Jadassohn geralmente afeta a face ou o couro cabeludo. A sua tendência natural é evoluir em três estágios, sendo que o estágio final é caracterizado pelo aparecimento de tumores. Apresentamos o caso de um nevo sebáceo de Jadassohn na face a partir do qual um carcinoma basocelular se desenvolveu. Também abordamos o diagnóstico dessa doença, estabelecido por meio da dermatoscopia. Sugerimos a utilização dessa técnica no acompanhamento clínico desse hamartoma, permitindo assim a detecção precoce de um câncer.
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Neoplasias Faciais/patologia , Nevo Sebáceo de Jadassohn/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologiaRESUMO
Se presenta un estudio serológico y anatomopatológico postmortem para enfermedad de Chagas en 40 individuos autopsiados entre noviembre de 1987 y agosto de 1999 en el Servicio de Anatomía Patológica del Hospital Regional de Antofagasta y en la sección Medicina Legal del Ministerio de Justicia en Antofagasta. Se comprobó serología chagásica postmortem positiva en líquido pericárdico por inmunofluorescencia indirecta en 3 casos, entre los cuales el estudio histopatológico de músculo cardíaco demostró elementos de daño tipo trypanosoma cruzi. El estudio morfológico macroscópico no demostró hallazgos relevantes. Los resultados revelan la necesidad de implementar sistemas de estudios anatomopatológicos de rutina que contribuyan a dimensionar la etiología chagásica como causa de muerte entre la población del área de endemia chilena
